Characteristics of Patients Attending the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Downloads

Published

2024-06-03

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54169/ijocp.v4i01.75

Keywords:

Prevalence, child and adolescent, socio-demographic, clinical profile.

Dimensions Badge

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 01 (2024): Indian Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

Section

RESEARCH ARTICLES

License

Copyright (c) 2024 zeba, Nayab Anjum, Reyaz, Malsawmtluangi .

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Authors

  • zeba Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Nayab Anjum Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Reyaz Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
  • Malsawmtluangi . Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

Background: The psychiatric morbidity profile of children and adolescents is very different from that of adults. Failure of early identification and timely intervention of psychiatric disorders adversely affects the developmental trajectory of children to becoming a healthy adult.

Objectives: To study the clinico-demographic profile of patients attending the child & adolescent psychiatric OPD and to estimate the frequency of various psychiatric disorders among them.

Methodology: In this retrospective file review study, all patients attending the child and adolescent psychiatry clinic of a tertiary care hospital between Jan 2018- June 2022 were taken. Data collection was done using a semi-structured proforma and ICD-10 was used to make psychiatric diagnoses. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 16 (Version 25.0).

Results: The total number of cases visiting child psychiatry OPD during the study period was 1199 with an average of 240 cases per year. The mean age was found to be 12 years, with gender distribution revealing male preponderance (58.4%). Around 64% of the participants were 63.8%) were in the age range 10 to 15 years. Most subjects (59.4%) were Hindu by religion and hailed from urban areas (52.4%). Epilepsy (23.9%) was the most prevalent psychiatric disorder, followed by intellectual disability (16.8%), anxiety disorder (14.1%), hyperkinetic and conduct disorder (8.8%), and schizophrenia & other psychotic disorders (10.3%).

Conclusion: This study is one of the few ones conducted in a tertiary care hospital in North India. Children in poor nations receive less mental health and psychiatric care than adults do. Our research indicates that Indian clinics may need to improve their offerings for conditions like depression, specific learning disorders, communication disorders, and hyperkinetic disorders. The study also emphasizes the need for more child psychologists special educators, and strengthened counseling services in schools

How to Cite

Khan, Z., Anjum, N., Reyazuddin, M., & ., M. (2024). Characteristics of Patients Attending the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India. Indian Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 4(01), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.54169/ijocp.v4i01.75

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

REFERENCES

World Health Organization. Child and adolescent mental health policies and plans. World Health Organization; 2005.

Bansal PD, Barman R. Psychopathology of school going children in the age group of 10-15 years. International journal of applied and basic medical research. 2011 Jan;1(1):43.

World Health Organization. Iraq health profile 2015. World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2017.

Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, Jin R, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of general psychiatry. 2005 Jun 1;62(6):593-602.

Patel V, Flisher AJ, Hetrick S, McGorry P. Mental health of young people: a global public-health challenge. The Lancet. 2007 Apr 14;369(9569):1302-13.

World Health Organization. WHO guidelines on ethical issues in public health surveillance.

Ahuja N, Mehta M. A study of psychiatrically normal children in a hospital based child guidance clinic. Indian pediatrics. 1989 Jul 1;26(7):641-6.

Chadda RK. Pattern of psychiatric morbidity in children attending a general psychiatric unit. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 1994 May;61(3):281-5.

Chadda RK. Psychiatric morbidity in preschool children—A clinic based study. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 1995 Jan;62(1):77-81.

Malhotra S, Chaturvedi SK. Patterns of childhood psychiatric disorders in India. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 1984 Mar;51(2):235-40.

DM B. An analysis of cases attending child psychotherapy centres. The Indian Journal of Child Health. 1962 Aug 1;11:396-402.

Kohli SM, Arun P. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in school children in Chandigarh, India. Indian J Med Res. 2002 Jul 16;1:21-8.

Srinath S, Girimaji SC, Gururaj G, Seshadri S, Subbakrishna DK, Bhola P, Kumar N. Epidemiological study of child & adolescent psychiatric disorders in urban & rural areas of Bangalore, India. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2005 Jul 1;122(1):67.

Offord DR, Boyle MH, Szatmari P, Rae-Grant NI, Links PS, Cadman DT, Byles JA, Crawford JW, Blum HM, Byrne C, Thomas H. Ontario Child Health Study: II. Six-month prevalence of disorder and rates of service utilization. Archives of general psychiatry. 1987 Sep 1;44(9):832-6.

Weyerer S, Castell R, Biener A, Artner K, Dilling H. Prevalence and treatment of psychiatric disorders in 3 to 14‐year‐old children: Results of a representative field study in the small town rural region of Traunstein, Upper Bavaria. Acta psychiatrica scandinavica. 1988 Mar;77(3):290-6.

Steinhausen HC, Metzke CW, Meier M, Kannenberg R. Prevalence of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders: the Zürich Epidemiological Study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 1998 Oct;98(4):262-71.

United States department of health and human services. Mental health: a report of the surgeon general. Rockville, MD, United States department of health and human services, substance abuse and mental health service administration, centre for mental health services, national institutes of health, national institute of mental health; 1999.

Canino G, Shrout PE, Rubio-Stipec M, Bird HR, Bravo M, Ramirez R, Chavez L, Alegria M, Bauermeister JJ, Hohmann A, Ribera J. The dsm-iv rates of child and adolescent disordersin puerto rico: prevalence, correlates, service use, and the effects of impairment. Archives of general psychiatry. 2004 Jan 1;61(1):85-93.

Lal N, Sethi BB. Estimate of mental ill health in children of an urban community. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 1977 Mar;44(3):55-64.

Malhotra S, Patra BN. Prevalence of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders in India: A systematic review and meta analysis. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2014;8. doi: 10.1186/1753 2000 8 22

Available from: https://www.who.int/news room/ fact sheets/detail/adolescent mental health: Adolescent metal health.

Indian Council of Medical Research. Epidemiological study of child and adolescent psychiatric disorders in urban and rural areas. ICMR Bull 2001;31:54 5.

Srinath S, Girimaji SC, Gururaj G, Seshadri S, Subbakrishna DK, Bhola P, Kumar N. Epidemiological study of child & adolescent psychiatric disorders in urban & rural areas of Bangalore, India. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2005 Jul 1;122(1):67.

Rahi M, Kumavat AP, Garg S, Singh MM. Socio-demographic co-relates of psychiatric disorders. The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2005 May;72(5):395-8.

World Health Organization. Mental Health Resources in the world. Initial Results of Project Atlas. Geneva, World Health Organization (Fact Sheet No. 260, April 2001); 2001.

Malhotra S, Biswas P, Sharan P, Grover S. Characteristics of Patients Visiting the Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Clinic: A 26-Year Study from North India. Journal of Indian Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health. 2007;3(3):53-60.

Abdulqader SA, Saeed BA. Characteristics of patients attending the child and adolescent psychiatric outpatient clinic in Erbil city. PloS one. 2019 Feb 28;14(2):e0209418.

Polyak A, Rosenfeld JA, Girirajan S. An assessment of sex bias in neurodevelopmental disorders. Genome medicine. 2015 Dec;7(1):1-1.

Atladóttir HÓ, Parner ET, Schendel D, Dalsgaard S, Thomsen PH, Thorsen P. Variation in incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders with season of birth. Epidemiology. 2007 Mar 1:240-5.

Asano R, Tsuchiya KJ, Harada T, Kugizaki Y, Nakahara R, Nakayasu C, Okumura A, Suzuki Y, Takagai S, Mori N, Takei N. Season of Birth Predicts emotional and Behavioral regulation in 18-Month-Old infants: hamamatsu Birth cohort for Mothers and children (hBc study). Frontiers in public health. 2016:152.

RAHIM TA. Season of birth effects on Kurdish autistic children. Duhok Medical Journal. 2014;8(2).

Reise SP, Waller NG. Item response theory and clinical measurement. Annual review of clinical psychology. 2009 Apr 27;5(1):27-48.